有效解决Anaconda下视觉报错“DLL load failed while importing cv2”

# 前言

尝试对机器视觉学习，在Anaconda3下导入opencv模块，电脑接USB视像头，出现opencv报错“DLL load failed while importing cv2“错误，网上关于这个错误的解决办法太多，尝试，折腾好久都不行，最后发现关键时python和spyder版本不兼容导致的，以供大家少走弯路！

## 1.源代码

代码如下（直接用网上的）：

```c

import cv2

if __name__ == '__main__':

# 捕捉帧，笔记本摄像头设置为0即可

capture = cv2.VideoCapture(0)

while (True):

ret, frame = capture.read()

cv2.imshow('frame', frame)

if cv2.waitKey(1) == ord('q'): # 按Q退出

break

```

## 2.不断尝试，发现根源

1.尝试重新多种方法安装opencv，失败

2.尝试在VScode可以成功调用摄像头！

3.尝试新建环境，安装opencv后，安装spyder失败，从提示信息中发现问题所在，后来网上也有类似帖子！大神无处不在啊

The following packages are incompatible

├─ pin on python 3.13.* =* * is installable and it requires

│ └─ python =3.13 *, which can be installed;

└─ spyder =* * is not installable because there are no viable options

├─ spyder [5.1.5|5.2.2|...|6.0.4] would require

│ └─ python >=3.10,<3.11.0a0 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [5.4.1|5.4.2|...|6.0.4] would require

│ └─ python >=3.11,<3.12.0a0 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [3.3.6|4.0.1|...|6.0.1] would require

│ └─ python >=3.8,<3.9.0a0 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [4.2.0|4.2.1|...|6.0.4] would require

│ └─ python >=3.9,<3.10.0a0 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [5.5.0|5.5.1|...|6.0.4] would require

│ └─ python >=3.12,<3.13.0a0 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [2.3.9|3.1.3|...|4.1.1] would require

│ └─ python [=2.7 *|>=2.7,<2.8.0a0 *], which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [2.3.9|3.1.2|3.1.3] would require

│ └─ pyqt =4.11 *, which requires

│ └─ qt =4.8 *, which does not exist (perhaps a missing channel);

├─ spyder 2.3.9 would require

│ └─ python =3.4 * but there are no viable options

│ ├─ python 3.4.5 would require

│ │ └─ vc =10 *, which does not exist (perhaps a missing channel);

│ └─ python 3.4.5 would require

│ └─ vs2010_runtime =* *, which does not exist (perhaps a missing channel);

├─ spyder [2.3.9|3.1.3|...|3.3.1] would require

│ └─ python [=3.5 *|>=3.5,<3.6.0a0 *], which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [2.3.9|3.1.3|...|3.2.8] would require

│ └─ python =3.6 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [3.1.2|3.1.3] would require

│ └─ rope ==0.9.4 *, which does not exist (perhaps a missing channel);

├─ spyder [3.2.3|3.2.4|...|5.1.5] would require

│ └─ python >=3.6,<3.7.0a0 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [3.3.0|3.3.1|...|5.3.3] would require

│ └─ python >=3.7,<3.8.0a0 *, which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported;

├─ spyder [6.0.1|6.0.2|6.0.3|6.0.4] would require

│ └─ __osx =* *, which is missing on the system;

├─ spyder [6.0.1|6.0.2|6.0.3|6.0.4] would require

│ └─ __linux =* *, which is missing on the system;

├─ spyder 6.0.4 would require

│ └─ spyder-base ==6.0.4 *1 but there are no viable options